A blank diplomatic laissez-passer (passport) issued by the German Consulate in Smyrna in May 1912 charged with the interests of the Italian citizens of the region (at the time Aydin was the province which incorporated Smyrna), allowing for the safe passage of Italians leaving Turkey. This was the time of the Italian-Ottoman war in Libya (Tripolitania Vilayet) and as a consequence the Ottoman authorities decreed all Italian citizens in the Empire had to leave, and clearly this also left them without diplomatic representation and clearly the Germans were given the responsibility of temporary protectors.

Example of a French Consulate laisser passer from Smyrna | Example of an Austrian Consulate laisser passer from Constantinople | Example of a Dutch Consulate laisser passer from Constantinople | Examples of Levantine Catholic marriage certificates | Consular citizenship documents